Method and apparatus for finishing round bars



June 16, 1931. 155 I 1,809,880

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FINISHING ROUND BARS Filed May 4. 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. II

INVENTDR.

George W156 by M Wang MM?! June 16, 1931. e. A. WISE METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FINISHING ROUND BARS v3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 4, 1929 INVENTOR Geo rge A WI? 6 b5 W MW June 16, 1931. e. A. WISE METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FINISHING ROUND BARS Filed May 4, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet I5 2 1350 5 N, d H mE ww L Hm mE E I llllL I N INVENTOR George A- Wise H's att rney P...g....u.....w, 1931 1 Application and ra s, mm at. 360,449.

This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for reducing and finishing round bars and other round metallic sections. i In rollin mill practice round bars and other roun sections cannot be rolledto an exact diameter, nor can they be rolled to'abs'olutely true rounds in section. It is usual practice to roll the bars intentlonall to a diameter greater than that desired or "the 95 finished final ga Round sections coming froma hot rolhn mill have numerous surface fissures, whic product and machine them to the result from various causes, and a -certain l3 amountof scale or other impurities on or "sli htly embedded in the surface of the bar. 5 number of steps have heretofore been necessary in order to secure a fimshed bar, or other round section, free from scale, 1m- 26 purities, and fissures, and having a true round I section with a smooth surface. There have previously been three well known methods for securing these desired results. One of such methods is the cold drawn? process. This method includes the'successive steps of pickling or sand blasting, pushmg or ointlng, drawing, straightening, (the two last named steps being interchangeable), and sometnnes a final 89 centerless grinding. after the stralghtemng ste Xn'other of the methods is known as the turn'ed process. This method includesthe successive steps 'of straightening, turnmg,

35 cross roll polishing, grinding or 0 her polishin step, and cuttingto length.

%)ther knownmethods include an-extruding method, which is used chiefly in connection with brass; and a method described and H1 claimed in a patent to Peter B. Abramsen,

N 0. 1,601,551, dated September 28, 1926.

. With the method of the present invention the picklin operation is wholly eliminated, fissures an other surface roughness of the bar of usual occurring depth are removed; and by succeeding operations, later explained, a straight bar with a clean surface, and a true section of the desired diameter, is obtained.

By a' continuation of the cross-rolling fea- UI ture of the. invention, accurately sized and tion of such apparatus; Fi

' tinuation of th cutting to length,

1% non aim an ros ron. misnme norm: Baas finished stock, suitable for i use as shafting' and the like, is produced. I

In the accompanying drawings Fi re I is a plan view showing in its simplest i di'm a paratus for conducting the method of the 58:

present invention; Figure II is a sideelevare III is a plan view of a paratus illustrating the use of an additiona set of initial straightening rolls; Figure IV is a plan view illustratin a cone process by use 0 added smoothing and polishing rolls; Figure V is a plan view of apparatus similar to that shown, in Figure I, but comprising a second and additional cutter head; Figure VI, is a front elevation of a cutter head, illustrating-- its action on a bar; and Figure VII is a sectional view throu h the cutter head taken on the line VIIVI? of Figure VI.

e apparatus shown in Figure I comprises an entering set 1 of cross rolls, and a leaving set 2 of cross rolls. The entering set is composed of two conical lower rolls 3 and 4 and an upper roll 5, while the leaving set is similarly composed of two lowerrolls 6 and 7 and an upper roll 8.' These rolls are mounted in both horizontal and vertical alignment; and the line formed by the adjacent faces of the rolls 3 and 4 and the rolls 6 and 7 defines the path followed by the stock in its passage rough the machine as a whole. The stock is desirably supported-between the sets 1 and 2 of cross rolls by a guide 90f any suitableform.

The two sets of cross rolls serve to partial-" l straighten the stock, to feed it past other; elements of the machine along a longitudinal line, and to rotate the stock about its own longitudinal axis. The final set ofcross rolls also performs asmoothing and finishing oporation on the bar. v

In conductin the method, the bar is introduced into t e entering set of cross rolls, and passes to the point at which it is 'pped by and fed through the leaving set. i i the purpose of the operation, the bar may be either hot or cold.

To outline the method generally, the bar is fed longitudinall and is rotated about'itjsflongitudinal axis in the direction of the an row a. During its passage between the sets of cross rolls it is acted upon by the cutters 10 set in the face of, or integral with the face of, a cutter disk or head 11. The head 11 is rotated in the direction of the arrow b, and is so arranged that the cutters 10 have their region contact with the bar on the side toward the entering set 1 of cross rolls. The cutter blades thus move in a direction opposite to that in which the surface of the stock moves in the region B of its contact with the cutters. This relative movement of blades and stock surface affords a maximum cutting speed for a given lon itudinal velocity of the stock. The action-o the cutting blades removes chips continuously around the surface of the bar, as it moves longitudinally and rotates about its own axis. This cutting o eration removes the surface of the bar, tfiereby eliminating scale and surface defects. It also reduces and rounds-up the bar. The amount of reduction in diameter of the bar obviously depends u on the position in which the cutting hea is adjusted and fixed. The depth to which a cut may be successively effected is relational somewhat to the nature of the material of the bar, and the temperature of the bar at the region of cutting.

In order to prevent the cutter blades from over-heating, without undesirably lowering the temperature of the bar at the point of cutting, a spray nozzle 12 is positloned to direct a cooling jet of fluid against the face of the cutting head in a region below the'line of travel of the stock. The jet is preferably directed toward the entering set of cross rolls. A rotatable wire brush 13 is desirably disposed between the cutting head and the second set of cross rolls to brush off any chips, which ma cling to the bar after its passage through t e cutter.

After the bar passes the cutting head, it enters the second set of cross rolls. of cross rolls, in addition to serving as feeding (by a pulling or drawing action) and strai htening means, tends to smooth and polis the surface of the bar. In order to secure the most favorable results, the cutting head should be mounted to ermit the blades to contact the stock in one xed region only. With this in view, it should be noted that the cutter head 11 is not mountedon an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stock, but that it is mounted angularly thereto in a horizontal plane. This permits two blades, as for example 10a and 10b, to contact the stock in the region B. It should be further noted that the cutting blades are so arranged in the head 11 that the points 14 of their cutting edges, which are farthest removed from the center of rotation of the cutting head, first contact the stock. The remainder of the cutting edges of each blade follows through to smooth the surface be- This set neath the initial cut made by the points of the blades, as said. The form of the cutting faces or edges 15 of the blades are such as to comnsate for the inclination of the cutting head itself. For this purpose the faces 15 are inclined to be of less height adjacent the outer points 14, the inclination bein equal but opposite to the inclination of the ace of the cutting head with respect to the 10 'tudinal axis of the stock. That is, the angle g' uals the angle (d), as indicated in Figure Figure IIIillustrated a modi ed arrangement of elements to conduct the presmt method. In case the bars are unusually crooked, or are hard to suitably straighten and feed throu h the elements before described, a pair of contoured cross rolls 17 and an idler roll 18 may be positioned to function in conjunction with the entering set 1 of rolls. It is obvious that a pair of contoured cross rolls, similar to rolls 17, 'may possibly be substituted for the sets 1 and 2 of conical and contoured rolls.

F1 may included in the method; that is, subsequent to the p of the bar through roll set 2, it may be ed through other suitable strai htenlngand finishing elements. These ad itional elements are arranged in a combination heretofore known in t e art, which comprises two pairs of contoured cross rolls 19 and 20 between which is mounted the idler bar flexing roll 21.

If a relatively great reduction in-the stock diameter is necessar in working certain metals, or if it is foun more practical to put a bar through two light cutting actions instead of a single heavy cutting action, the arrangement illustrated in Figure V may be employed. This arrangement com rises a cutting head 22 in addition to t e other elements described supra, and it will be noted that the additional headis mounted on the side of the bar op site to that engaged by the cutter hea 11. The cutter ead 22 is inclined and-rotated, similarly to the head 11, to permit the cutting edges of its blades to move oppositely to the surface of the stock. That is, the blades of the head 22 engage the bar to remove metal in the region C similar to the manner in which the cutting blades of the head 11 move in the region B.

Bars acted upon by the method and apparatus of the present invention have smooth clean surfaces havin practically no fissures. It should be particu arly noted that the cutting and rolling action removes irregularities of sectional contour, and produces a bar which is a true round. The production'of this latter effect is initiated by the first set of cross rolls, is largely affected by the cutting operation, and is completed in the subsequent cross rolling of the stock.

' ure IV illustrates a further step which i III I claim as my invention:

1. In apparatus for reducing and truing round metallic sections the combination of means for feeding a bar longitudinally and simultaneously rotating it about its longitudinal axis, and a. cutting head having a face with cutter blades arranged to contact the bar, the cutting head being angularly inclined to the line of travel of the bar, and the cutting edges of the blades being inclined to the face of the cutting head by an angle equal to that at which the cutting head is inclined to the line of travel of the bar.

2. The method of finishing a round metallic section which consists in feeding such metallic section to straightening instrumentalities, causing such straightening instrumentalities to effect helical movement of said sectionpast a surface-removing tool, and effecting the continuation of such movement of the straightened and surfaced section through a set of polishing rolls.

3. The method of finishing a round metallic section which consists in feeding such metallic section to straightening instrumentailties, guiding the section after it leaves such straightening instrumentalities, causing such straightening instrumentalities to effect helical movement of said section past .the guides and past a surface-removing tool,

and effecting the continuation of such movement of the straightened and surfaced section through a set of polishing rolls.

4. In apparatus for reducing and truing a round metallic section, the combination of means for straightening such metallic section, which means are adapted to effect a helical movement of the section in the general direction of its longitudinal axis, a surfaceremoving cutter adjacent the path of travel of said section as it leaves such straightening means, which cutter includes a blade and is rotatable to move the blade against said helically moving section, and rolls for the polishing of said section when it has passed said cutter, which polishing rolls are adapted to continue the helical movement of said stock. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 111 hand.

y GEORGE A, WISE. 

